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- Mango Man (neilpotnis) Mac Os Download
The mongo
shell is an interactive JavaScript interface toMongoDB. You can use the mongo
shell to query and updatedata as well as perform administrative operations.
The following document pertains to the mongo
shellincluded in theMongoDB Server Download.For information on the new MongoDB Shell, mongosh
, refer to themongosh Documentation.
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To understand the differences between the two shells, seeComparison of the mongo
Shell and mongosh
.
Download the mongo
Shell¶
The mongo
shell is included as part of the MongoDBserver installation. If you have already installed theserver, the mongo
shell is installed to the same locationas the server binary.
Alternatively, if you would like to download the mongo
shell separately from the MongoDB Server, you can install the shell asa standalone package by following these steps:
Access the Download Center for your Edition of MongoDB:
- Select your preferred Version and Platformfrom the dropdowns.
Select the Package to download according to yourplatform:
Download PackageSelect thezip
package to download an archive whichincludes themongo
shell.Select thetgz
package to download an archive whichincludes themongo
shell.Select thetgz
package to download themongo
shell.- Copy the
mongo
shell from the archive to a location onyour filesystem.
For additional installation guidance specific to your platform, or toinstall the mongo
shell as part of a MongoDB Serverinstallation, see the installation guide for your platform.
Start the mongo
Shell and Connect to MongoDB¶
Once you have downloaded the mongo
shell, you can use itto connect to your running MongoDB server.
Starting in MongoDB 4.2 (and 4.0.13), the mongo
shell displays awarning message when connected to non-genuine MongoDB instances asthese instances may behave differently from the official MongoDBinstances; e.g. missing or incomplete features, different featurebehaviors, etc.
Prerequisites¶
- The MongoDB server must be installed and running before you canconnect to it from the
mongo
shell. Follow the steps inthe installation tutorial for your platformto install and start the MongoDB server if required. Once you have verified that the
mongod
server isrunning, open a terminal window (or a command prompt for Windows) andgo to your<mongo shell installation dir>
directory:Adding your
<mongo shell installation dir>
to thePATH
environment variable allows you to typemongo
directly insteadof having to first go to the<mongo shell installation dir>
directory or specify the full path to the binary. Alternatively, youcan copy themongo
shell to a location on your filesystem thatis already present in yourPATH
, such as/usr/bin
on Linux.
macOS Security Verification¶
For macOS users:
macOS may prevent the mongo
shell from running after installation. Ifyou receive a security error when starting the mongo
shellindicating that the developer could not be identified or verified,do the following to grant the mongo
shell access to run:
- Open System Preferences
- Select the Security and Privacy pane.
- Under the General tab, click the button to the right of themessage about the
mongo
shell, labelled either OpenAnyway or Allow Anyway depending on your version ofmacOS.
Local MongoDB Instance on Default Port¶
You can run mongo
shell without any command-line optionsto connect to a MongoDB instancerunning on your localhost with default port 27017:
Local MongoDB Instance on a Non-default Port¶
To explicitly specify the port, include the --port
command-line option. For example, to connect to a MongoDBinstance running on localhost with a non-default port 28015:
MongoDB Instance on a Remote Host¶
To explicitly specify the hostname and/or port,
Mango Man (neilpotnis) Mac Os X
You can specify a connection string. For example, to connect to a MongoDBinstance running on a remote host machine:
You can use the command-line option
--host <host>:<port>
. For example, to connect to a MongoDB instancerunning on a remote host machine:You can use the
--host <host>
and--port <port>
command-line options. Forexample, to connect to a MongoDB instance running on a remote hostmachine:
MongoDB Instance with Authentication¶
To connect to a MongoDB instance requires authentication:
You can specify the username, authentication database, and optionallythe password in the connection string. For example, to connect andauthenticate to a remote MongoDB instance as user
alice
:If you do not specify the password in the connection string, theshell will prompt for the password.
You can use the
--username <user>
and--password
,--authenticationDatabase <db>
command-line options. For example, toconnect and authenticate to a remote MongoDB instance as useralice
:If you specify
--password
without the user's password, theshell will prompt for the password.
Connect to a MongoDB Replica Set¶
To connect to a replica set:
You can specify the replica set name and members in theconnection string.
If using the DNS Seed List Connection Format, you can specify theconnection string:
Use of the
+srv
connection string modifier automatically setsthe ssl option to true for the connection.You can specify the replica set name and members from the
--host <replica setname>/<host1>:<port1>,<host2>:<port2>,...
command-line option. For example, to connect to replica set namedreplA
:
TLS/SSL Connection¶
For TLS/SSL connections,
You can specify the
ssl=true
option in theconnection string.If using the DNS Seed List Connection Format, you can include the
+srv
connection string modifier:Use of the
+srv
connection string modifier automatically setsthe ssl option to true for the connection.You can specify
--ssl
command-line option.For example, to connect to replica set namedreplA
:
For more information on the options used in the connection examplesas well as other options, see mongo reference and examples of starting up mongo.
Working with the mongo
Shell¶
To display the database you are using, type db
:
The operation should return test
, which is the default database.
To switch databases, issue the use <db>
helper, as in thefollowing example:
See also db.getSiblingDB()
method to access adifferent database from the current database without switching yourcurrent database context (i.e. db
).
To list the databases available to the user, use the helper showdbs
. [1]
You can switch to non-existing databases. When you first store data inthe database, such as by creating a collection, MongoDB creates thedatabase. For example, the following creates both the databasemyNewDatabase
and the collectionmyCollection
duringthe insertOne()
operation:
The db.myCollection.insertOne()
is oneof the methods available in the mongo shell.
db
refers to the current database.myCollection
is the name of the collection.
If the mongo
shell does not accept the name of a collection,you can use the alternative db.getCollection()
syntax.For instance, if a collection name contains a space or hyphen, startswith a number, or conflicts with a built-in function:
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The mongo
shell prompt has a limit of 4095 codepoints foreach line. If you enter a line with more than 4095 codepoints, theshell will truncate it.
For more documentation of basic MongoDB operations in themongo
shell, see:
[1] | If the deployment runs with access control, the operationreturns different values based on user privileges. SeelistDatabases Behavior for details. |
Format Printed Results¶
The db.collection.find()
method returns a cursor tothe results; however, in the mongo
shell, if the returnedcursor is not assigned to a variable using the var
keyword, thenthe cursor is automatically iterated up to 20 times to print up to thefirst 20 documents that match the query. The mongo
shellwill prompt Type it
to iterate another 20 times.
To format the printed result, you can add the .pretty()
to theoperation, as in the following:
In addition, you can use the following explicit print methods in themongo
shell:
print()
to print without formattingprint(tojson(<obj>))
to print with JSON formatting andequivalent toprintjson()
printjson()
to print with JSON formatting and equivalenttoprint(tojson(<obj>))
For more information and examples on cursor handling in themongo
shell, see Iterate a Cursor in the mongo
Shell. See alsoCursor Help for list of cursor help in themongo
shell.
Multi-line Operations in the mongo
Shell¶
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If you end a line with an open parenthesis ('('
), an open brace('{'
), or an open bracket ('['
), then the subsequent lines startwith ellipsis ('...'
) until you enter the corresponding closingparenthesis (')'
), the closing brace ('}'
) or the closingbracket (']'
). The mongo
shell waits for the closingparenthesis, closing brace, or the closing bracket before evaluatingthe code, as in the following example:
You can exit the line continuation mode if you enter two blanklines, as in the following example:
Tab Completion and Other Keyboard Shortcuts¶
The mongo
shell supports keyboard shortcuts. For example,
- Use the up/down arrow keys to scroll through command history. See.dbshell documentation for moreinformation on the
.dbshell
file. Use
<Tab>
to autocomplete or to list the completionpossibilities, as in the following example which uses<Tab>
tocomplete the method name starting with the letter'c'
:Because there are many collection methods starting with the letter
'c'
, the<Tab>
will list the various methods that start with'c'
.
For a full list of the shortcuts, see Shell Keyboard Shortcuts
.mongorc.js
File¶
When starting, mongo
checks the user's HOME
directory for a JavaScript file named .mongorc.js. If found, mongo
interprets thecontent of .mongorc.js
before displaying the prompt for thefirst time. If you use the shell to evaluate a JavaScript file orexpression, either by using the --eval
option on the command line or by specifying a .js file tomongo, mongo
will read the.mongorc.js
file after the JavaScript has finished processing.You can prevent .mongorc.js
from being loaded by using the--norc
option.
Exit the Shell¶
To exit the shell, type quit()
or use the <Ctrl-C>
shortcut.
Comparison of the mongo
Shell and mongosh
¶
mongosh is currently available as aBeta release. The product, its features, and the correspondingdocumentation may change during the Beta stage.
The new MongoDB Shell, mongosh, offers numerousadvantages over the mongo
shell, such as:
- Improved syntax highlighting.
- Improved command history.
- Improved logging.
During the beta stage, mongosh
supports a subset of themongo
shell methods. Achieving feature parity betweenmongosh
and the mongo
shell is an ongoing effort.
To maintain backwards compatibility, the methods that mongosh
supports use the same syntax as the corresponding methods in themongo
shell. To see the complete list of methodssupported by mongosh
, seeMongoDB Shell Methods.
mongo
Reference Page